IoT Infrastructure Design

This repository documents a simple, vendor-agnostic IoT infrastructure design. It provides a reference architecture for ingesting, processing, and visualizing data from IoT devices.

Architecture Overview

The design consists of the following six stages:

1. MQTT Broker / Endpoint

   • Function: Acts as the entry point for IoT devices, gateways, and services. Manages device connections and authentication.

   • Note: This is the exposed part of the infrastructure.

2. Metadata Enrichment

   • Function: Enriches the received payload with metadata (e.g., device ID, topic, timestamp) before forwarding it.

3. Web Socket Server / Ingestion Service

   • Function: Receives the enriched payload from the rule engine, unpacks it, and writes it to a storage destination (Data Lake).

   • Implementation: Can be a serverless function (Knative, Cloud Run) or a containerized application.

   • Examples: See examples/bq-pusher (BigQuery) and examples/s3-pusher (S3).

4. Data Lake

   • Function: Stores raw and structured data for long-term retention and analysis.

   • Schema: The ingestion service unpacks the JSON payload into rows/objects suitable for the destination schema.

5. Transformation Layer

   • Function: Transforms raw IoT data, cleans it, and combines it with other data sources to create analytics-ready datasets.

6. BI Layer

   • Function: Provides authenticated access to dashboards, visualizations, and insights derived from the transformed data.

Connection & Payload Details

For recommended connection details and payload schemas, please refer to the Messaging Onboarding Repository.

Production Considerations

The code provided in the examples/ directory is intended for demonstration purposes.

• Performance & Cost: For high-throughput production environments, consider using compiled languages (e.g., Go, Rust, C++) or highly optimized runtimes to reduce compute costs and latency.

• CI/CD: Implement robust CI/CD pipelines to automate testing, building, and deployment.

• Dependency Management: Use tools like Dependabot (configured in this repo) to keep dependencies up to date and secure.

• Security: Ensure strict IAM policies, network isolation, and secret management are in place.

Example Code

This repository contains example implementations for the "Web Socket Server" component:

• examples/bq-pusher: A FastAPI service that ingests data into Google BigQuery.

• examples/s3-pusher: A FastAPI service that saves data to AWS S3 (or compatible storage).